We the people

I have come to the realization that land management is dependent on people management. To accomplish important conservation and resource management objectives, a thorough understanding of the science involved is essential. But land management on any significant scale is impossible without having the skill to engage people who don’t have the years of education that people in the BLM (and the Forest Service, Park Service, private conservation organizations, non-profit activist groups, etc.) often take for granted. Especially in the public sector, ecological expertise means nothing without the political skill to convince the public that we’re all working towards the same goal (as much as possible).

When I worked for the BLM in the heart of the Mojave, I was not confronted with this seemingly basic realization. The Needles office manages millions of continuous acres in one of the most sparsely populated areas in the nation. Neighbors are few and far between. But here in Arcata, with fragmented and dispersed BLM properties, it’s clear that the BLM does its best work when the neighbors are happy. A happy neighbor may be helpful. Heck, even Jesus recommended loving thy neighbor. And sometimes all it takes to please the public is a listening ear, a small price to pay to achieve work in an agency that manages 13% of the surface of the United States but can struggle on projects of 5, 50, or 500 acres. To vaguely quote my mentor, “A project can be a marathon. Too often people are unwilling to start running due to an argument about what will happen at mile 25.”

To mitigate the struggle, it’s also essential to be efficient with time and money that’s too often pressed. As the forestry projects are about to start, we’ve been conscious about focusing the contracted labor on areas where we’ll get the most “bang for the buck”. We don’t want to be “spinning our wheels” when we are the stewards of government funds. Adequate funding is hard to come by, so it’s important to make the most of it when it’s available. The ideal treatment nudges the land onto a course where future human intervention is unnecessary.

For a guy prone to periods of pessimism on the fate of humans and the environment, a certain project in particular has been unexpectedly inspiring. Our office is working towards a prairie restoration on an historic prairie that has become an overgrown Douglas Fir patch. There is some commercial potential of trees in the patch, but it’s mostly stuff that is traditionally unmarketable. However, a biomass-generated electric plant has recently opened in the area and they are interested in the shade-grown, scrawny trees that the timber industry has long considered junk. The BLM is selling these trees as biomass to help cover some of the costs of the prairie restoration. And as technology improves in the biomass conversion industry (eg. torrefaction and gasification), this will increasingly become an economically viable option. When the means to an end (habitat restoration) involve restoring energy independence to a small rural community, I’m on board.

Prairie and forest.

Prairie and forest.

Updates from Shoshone

Almost three weeks have passed since Alexi and I arrived in the tiny town of Shoshone, Idaho. We have settled into our charming creaky home (built in 1886), found running routes around town, befriended our neighbors and their two dogs, raided the nearby thrift stores for home goods, explored the Sun Valley area, and have (almost) gotten used to the trains that roar through town every hour and the mysterious siren that goes off every night at 10pm.

In the Shoshone BLM Office we have completed various tasks around the office to prepare for a field season of vegetation monitoring. In the first two weeks several different people in the office took us out to different BLM allotments to get us acquainted with the Shoshone Field Office and the plants we’ll be monitoring. On Tuesday we conducted our first nested frequency survey and learned about 12 new species.

It is always exciting the first couple weeks at a new field site when you start learning the plant species. The landscape goes from being a sea of unknowns to a sea of familiar faces. I love it when you see a plant you recognize from a previous field site in your new field site. It is like seeing an old friend and begins to make the new place feel like home. The seasonal lifestyle has shown me that I very easily fall in love with a landscape and grow attached to it. By knowing the species in the area you gain a sense of ownership of the land, which is an important aspect of conservation.

One of the highlights of our first three weeks working in the Shoshone Field Office was conducting a sage grouse lek survey and actually seeing the leks! We had conducted two surveys in the first two weeks, but the weather was uncooperative and we only managed to see sage grouse that we flushed out. On Wednesday morning Alexi and I went to a different site where active leks had been observed this year. Since now is when the males normally stop lekking there was a good chance that we wouldn’t get to see them, but we decided to give it a try.

lek

The strutting begins. Time to impress the (absent) ladies.

pensive sage grouse

Guarding his staging turf.

It was difficult to hold our composure when we first saw the males’ white chests puffing out amongst the sagebrush and realizing that we were in fact witnessing a lek. It was still dark out and the males were a little slow at first, but when the sun started peaking over the horizon and warming their feathers they livened up and began to strut. I would not describe their dance as majestic. While their plumage is beautiful and their posture much better than mine, their signature strut is actually quite humorous to me. When they puff up their chest with their vocal air sacs, they look like fat indignant old men. Then they jiggle the air sacs around for a bit and make an odd sound that is similar to a champagne bottle being uncorked. In the first lek we counted 23 males, but no females were to be seen. The males were undaunted by the absence of females and continued their strut, staking their staging territory. We witnessed several fights between males where they would face off and then actually viciously attack each other.

strutting

Strut sequence

face off

Face off at dawn

While I don’t think of their strut as majestic, I do admire their efforts to attract a mate. During the lekking season they go out and strut for several hours a day, which undoubtedly uses a ton of energy. They are vulnerable to predators (we’re pretty sure we saw a bald eagle right across the road from one of the leks). Many face rejection since only a few of the dominant males will actually get to mate. And even when most females are probably already sitting on their nests, these males are trying just as hard to impress. We did see one female in the second lek. She was surrounded by two males with her head tucked into her breast and was either a) shy, b) playing hard to get, or c) just not into them.

It was very exciting to get to witness the species that we are trying to protect in action. It puts our fieldwork into context and makes our tasks seem more important. I am very thankful we had the opportunity to observe the leks before we delved into our vegetation surveys.

If you have never seen a lek in action you should check out this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m0M8pZnNlnI

I am very excited for our next six months in Idaho. There is a lot to explore and do here and summer is just around the corner.

Until next time,

Avery

Shoshone BLM Field Office

 

Learning in the high desert.

Hello everyone!

For the past four weeks I have been working as a range intern at the BLM office in Lakeview, Oregon. Lakeview is a small town in southeastern Oregon, about 14 miles from the California border and not much farther from the Nevada border. This BLM district is huge, which means I am seeing new sights everyday! So what does a range intern do? Well, so far I have been going out to different allotments and checking on the vegetation in the pastures. I do what is called a utilization study to determine how grazed the pasture is, and basically its overall health. Later on, when more CLM interns join me, I’ll also being doing trend studies.

For this job I’ve had to learn to identify grasses and some sagebrush. That was a change of pace for me since I am from the east coast and I’ve always done better identifying trees. But it’s actually been pretty easy, since I only have to know about six types of grasses and several types of sagebrush. I’m enjoying learning about the flora of the high desert. And it helps that several people that I work with are very knowledgeable about the vegetation around here. Now if only I could start remembering the names of the local forbes.

Some highlights from the past month were: ATV training, going out in the field with different range cons, and learning so much about the local plants. Some lessons I’ve learned are: don’t forget your GPS, and don’t assume your truck can drive through anything (I got my truck stuck in the mud the other day. But I’m proud to say that I got it out all by myself.).

I’m looking forward to the exciting adventures I’ll have to write about next month!

 

Allyson Schaeffer

Lakeview, Oregon, BLM

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What were they thinking?!

               This month I have considered the following:  present land management decisions based on past measures that are best for the future.  Differing opinions and politics surface because of the predictive requirements of land management decisions. The Arcata field office handles these expertly, respectfully addressing and discussing different points of view both amongst the public and within the office.  However, these decisions are complex and intricate, and the best ones are often obscured, demonstrating that predicting the future, indeed, is a difficult feat.

                The first scenario where I was exposed to the tension of past and future management decisions was during a field day with geologist Sam and fisheries biologist AJ at Baker Creek, a small tributary that feeds into the Mattole River.  Baker Creek serves as important spawning habitat for coho salmon, which are facing extirpation from the Mattole Watershed.  In the late 1970s, BLMers removed fallen redwood logs from the tributary to increase water flow.  Our reaction, today, to that decision: What were they thinking?! The logs are crucial for creating salmon habitat because the wood dams up water, creating pools that are banquets of aquatic invertebrates for coho to feast on and fills the groundwater in the surrounding floodplain, which is a crucial water source for the tributary during the dry season.  Last year, the Arcata BLM felled and dragged small trees into the creek to correct the management decision of the 70s.

                The second scenario is an on-going discussion in the office about how to respond to Sudden Oak Death, a rapidly-spreading phytophthora that destroys the tanoak populations and threatens the forest ecosystems in Northern California and much of the west coast.  It is difficult to gauge the threat of SOD, recalling the predictive nature of land management decisions.  Some argue that the BLM should aggressively eradicate the disease through pesticide application and removal of whole infected tree stands. Others argue that we should proceed cautiously, focusing efforts on forest health by selective thinning and monitoring.  Since “heavy-handed approaches” have not been effective in the past and the office wants to avoid future errors, we currently implement a cautious approach.  The conversation continues.

                Whether its building coho salmon habitat or planning a SOD response, the BLM is both assertively correcting past mistakes and cautiously preparing for future scenarios.  Of course, predicting the future and criticizing the past are futile. Instead, we focus on making careful decisions based on current information learned from past mistakes so that, in the future, the phrase “what were they thinking!?” is uttered even less frequently then it is now.

Mattole Channelized

Baker Creek after the logs were removed and before restoration.  Notice the channelization of the stream. (Curtesy of the Sanoma Land Trust)

April Blog Baker

Baker Creek after restoration, logs in place.

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Did you catch my Bill Nye reference?

Back to work!

Greetings everybody!

Looks like everybody is having a great time! I love all the picutres up on the blog right now. Sadly, I am the worst at taking non-work related pictures..I promise my newly-back-at-work resolution will be to take more pictures!

So I’ve been back at work for three weeks now (this is my third CLM internship, and my second one here in Montrose, CO) and I’ll tell you what, my “tor”-mentor is getting his money’s worth! Straight back into things! But I absolutely adore this job so it’s been great to get back to work. Let’s see, so far I’ve:

• spent a week doing Sclerocactus glaucus (only the cutest cactus on the western slope!) monitoring with the awesome CLM Denver crew (shout out to Nathan, Phil, and Carol!!)
• jumped right back into rare plant surveying – hunting down Payson Lupine and Naturita Milkvetch in the west end and discovering our first population of Naturita Milkvetch here on our side of the plateau (only Phil, Nathan, please tell Carol that I only found a total of 18 Naturita Milkvetch’s at that site in Escalante…which means that we collected like, 10% of the populaion with our two samples…)
• aaaaand I’ve also been going out in the field and checking on some old data we have for various species of Oenothera for Miss Krissa at the CBG who I will hopefully get to meet sometime in the near future when she comes out here to do some work with Oenothera (check out her lab! http://faculty.wcas.northwestern.edu/skogen/index.html, her research is pretty darn neat!)

Isn't it adorable!?

Isn’t it adorable!?

So that’s the skinny on what’s been going on so far! Looking forward to some cool things coming up!! Lek count tonight/early tomorrow morning, High Lonesome Ranch cactus work (where I will hopefully meet the cowboy of my dreams and we’ll ride off into the sunset together!!), river trip to survey cactus down the Escalante strip of the Gunni (that’ll be awesome, the river rangers are kinda the cool kids at the office – the football players, if you will, and while I’m just a band nerd they’re really nice to me!), aaaaand then my sister will be in town and we’re gonna rage a quick trip to Moab! (And that only takes us to the middle of May!) I promise I’ll try to take some awesome pictures to make my blog more readable.

Also – I would just like to point out that my “tor”-mentor has been staring over my shoulder this whole time, correcting my spelling errors.

Your Cohort –

Brandee Wills
Uncompahgre Field Office BLM
Montrose, CO

Some of my favorite things…

I have been seeing so many beautiful flowering plants so far this spring I thought I would share them with you! These are some of my favorite plants so far on the SBNF.

This is the Forest Service sensitive Mojave paintbrush (Castilleja plagiotoma). It is endemic to the SBNF and is the host plant for the larvae of the watch list Checkerspot butterfly.

This is the Forest Service sensitive Mojave paintbrush (Castilleja plagiotoma). It is endemic to the SBNF and is the host plant for the larvae of the watch list Checkerspot butterfly.

The scale bud (Anisocoma acaulis) is one of my favorite desert annuals on the SBNF.

The scale bud (Anisocoma acaulis) is one of my favorite desert annuals on the SBNF.

The mojave mound cactus (Echinocereus mojavensis).

The mojave mound cactus (Echinocereus mojavensis).

I have seen this adorable San Diego coast horned lizard twice now on the forest! It plays dead to catch bugs to eat and is a watch list species on the SBNF.

I have seen this adorable San Diego coast horned lizard twice now on the forest! It plays dead to catch bugs to eat and is a watch list species on the SBNF.

This beautiful ash-gray paintbrush (Castilleja cinerea) is federally threatened and only found in the San Bernadino mountains.

This beautiful ash-gray paintbrush (Castilleja cinerea) is federally threatened and only found in the San Bernadino mountains.

Ivesia agryocoma

Ivesia agryocoma

The flowers of the Forest Service sensitive silver-haired ivesia (Ivesia agryocoma).

The flowers of the Forest Service sensitive silver-haired ivesia (Ivesia agryocoma).

Forest Service sensitive Parish's rock cress (Boechera parishii) is endemic to the San Bernadino mountains.

Forest Service sensitive Parish’s rock cress (Boechera parishii) is endemic to the San Bernadino mountains.

Forest Service sensitive Peirson's spring beauty (Claytonia lanceolata var. peirsonii).

Forest Service sensitive Peirson’s spring beauty (Claytonia lanceolata var. peirsonii).

Another Forest Service sensitive Phlox dolichantha.

Another Forest Service sensitive Phlox dolichantha.

This is the Forest Service sensitive Parish's alumroot (Heuchera parishii).

This is the Forest Service sensitive Parish’s alumroot (Heuchera parishii).

The Forest Service sensitive Coville's dwarf abronia (Abronia nana ssp. covellei).

The Forest Service sensitive Coville’s dwarf abronia (Abronia nana ssp. covellei).

This is my first rattlesnake that I have seen out in the field.

This is my first rattlesnake that I have seen out in the field.

The beautiful flowers of Yucca schidigera.

The beautiful flowers of Yucca schidigera.

This is beavertail cactus (Opuntia basilaris).

This is beavertail cactus (Opuntia basilaris).

In terms of work, I have been surveying some potential OHV routes out on a high desert area of the forest, which is where I have taken many of the these photos. There also has been a bit of survey work on a limestone mining claim. Limestone has many endemic plant species, not to mention federally threatened and endangered ones as well.

There are so many TESW (Threatened, endangered, sensitive and watch) plant species here, I have been spending a decent amount of my time entering those data into the federal database.

I attended a Poaceae workshop with many of my colleagues, which was very informative and very fun. I also took a trip back to Joshua Tree NP on my personal time and was rewarded with lots of wildflowers and pleasant temperatures.

The Enchanting Rogue Valley

It has been an exciting time for wildflower surveying in and around the Rogue Valley. My partner and I are reaching a lull period where we wait for the plants in the locations we have scouted to go to seed. Through scouting locations and surveying for botanicals we have discovered a number of incredibly scenic hikes, of which one of our favorites is the Enchanted Forest Trail in the Applegate Valley. If you happen to visit or live in the area and have not been on this trail, check it out!

This week we have had the fantastic opportunity to help a crew of professional and amateur botanists survey French Flat in Cave Junction, OR for the rare and endangered plant Lomatium cookii. This has proven to be a very rewarding experience. We have had the opportunity to work with this rare plant while also scouting the surrounding area for suitable populations for voucher pressings and seed collection. Very knowledgeable researchers for the project took us on naturalist hikes to become even better acquainted with the flora of the region.

Also while waiting for our populations to seed, next week we will be photographing plant vouchers here at the Medford BLM office to help digitize their herbarium and link all of the images to their plant database!

All in all we have been learning TONS of previously unfamiliar flora while enjoying the last bit of Spring here in southern Oregon. If you haven’t been out here in the spring time, I highly recommend it. There is always more to see!

Take it easy,

– Jason Wilson

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Over the hills and far away

Well, one drastic change that I have noticed is that I can no longer sleep past 5am.  I get up for Sage Grouse monitoring at 3am all week, and now even on weekends I am up before the sun making breakfast.  It is very quiet in the early morning, while drinking my tea I often watch the sun creep over the hills and sagebrush, across West Valley, and up and over Likely Mountain.  Although the early morning sunrises are pretty wonderful, my favorite time of everyday is the early evening.  As the sun retreats, the sky becomes ablaze with oranges, yellows, and pinks.  The Warner Mountain range to the east catches the last rays and turns pink and blue, the snowy tops shining against the deep blue of night’s approach.

I have seen many grouse at different distances.  Sometimes I use a spotting scope to look across a dry lake bed, other times I use binoculars and look out the truck windows, and every now and again, I have to hike right up to the proximity limit and count them without any visual aid.  One important lesson has been to trust my instincts.  Often the GPS points are off or the lek has shifted and/or the map is wrong.  Looking through a scope or binoculars, it is easy to misread the terrain as well.  It seems very flat and the map does not indicate much topography, the birds are supposed to be right there, but where are they?  I hike over and begin to hear them.  I keep going and as it turns out, there is a depression that you can only see up close and they are all within.

Many plants are finally beginning to come up and bloom.  Many more, however, have yet to show themselves.  The drought is taking its toll on many plants.  Even some of our invasive grasses like cheatgrass and  medusa head have not come up in some locations.  The flowers that have come up I have very much enjoyed, they have transformed some pretty bland areas by bringing color into a green and drown landscape.  I often wonder how I am going to be able to remember all the plants from Ohio after this, so much Latin so little time.

Pictures from top to bottom

Greater Sage Grouse captured for banding and measurement as Massacre Bench, NV

Sunrise from Cinder Pit, CA at about 5:30am

View from the Top of Tuledad Canyon, CA

Abandoned homestead found in Surprise Valley, NV

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Spring Time Update

Hello again! I hope everyone is having a wonderful time being a CLM intern and enjoying the chance to expand our knowledge in the field that we are interested in.  I sure am enjoying my internship with the BLM, in Kemmerer, WY. 

It’s now the end of April and field season has started for most everyone. Last week I was able to drive a UTV up into a cattle allotment I managed last summer. The weather was gorgeous, highs in the mid 60’s and just a small breeze, in my opinion the mid 60’s is the perfect temperature.  Although lots of snow still exists, it was a real treat to see what the area looks like in early spring.  After enjoying the beautiful spring like weather for a week it’s back to snow and cold this week. Being from Wyoming myself, I should be used to getting teased with spring, then going back to winter; but I am not and I don’t think I will ever be used to it.

I also found out we will be having another CLM intern (Cody) joining us at the office starting next Monday. He will be assisting in grazing permit renewals, monitoring efforts, and helping me with unauthorized cattle use and many other associated tasks. I think Cody will benefit in so many ways joining the CLM team.  I hope everyone enjoys their spring, and until next time, try to have fun!

Jeremy Sykes

Bureau of Land Management

Kemmerer, WY

Sagebrush and Leks in Twin Falls, ID

Hello everybody!

Beautiful snow-capped mountains!

Beautiful snow-capped mountains!

Just finished up a whirlwind first week here in the Jarbidge BLM Field Office in Twin Falls, ID and it’s been great so far! Aside from training, I got to join along an agency tour of some sites managed by my field office, which was amazing! It is still cold enough in the higher elevations that the mountains were still snow-capped. I was also lucky enough to get out before dawn to see some sage grouse leks and help with the male counts, which was really cool!

On my free time, I’ve checked some of the hidden gem spots between Twin Falls and Boise, which offer tons of recreational activities, especially hiking and photography, two of my favorites. I’m amazed by how much history is packed into this state and the different landscapes! Some recommended places are Malad Gorge, Bonneville Point, and anywhere in Thousand Springs State Park. I’m a bit of a history nerd, so I was pretty excited to learn more about the portions of the Oregon Trail which ran through Idaho, and it was cool to see the marked pass points and wagon wheel ruts that still exist today.

The sagebrush landscape

The sagebrush landscape

Ritter Island was still closed from the winter season, but it’s supposedly a birder’s paradise, so I plan to go up there pretty soon again because it looked beautiful from the gates.

 

 

 

 

Next week we start some monitoring projects and spend more time out in the field. Can’t wait!

Cheers,

Maria Paula

Jarbidge Field Office, Twin Falls, ID

Indian paintbrush!

Indian paintbrush!