Wyoming Landscapes

Two months have passed since I drove through a blizzard to arrive in the harsh, seemingly inhospitable environment of southwestern Wyoming’s High Desert District.  In that time, I have witnessed a transformation of the uniformly frozen landscape into distinctive vegetation zones with flourishing wildflower populations.

 

After spending time identifying and monitoring sage grouse leks through the early spring, I am now focusing on scouting for populations of blooming forbs, grasses and shrubs that have significant restoration value for my field office.  The seed collections made from these and other populations for the Seeds Of Success Program will promote the incorporation of native, ecologically beneficial species into restoration and rehabilitation projects. Witnessing the biological and geological diversity within this 3.5 million acre field office has been humbling, hiking and driving from mountaintops into deep canyons.

 

While I initially applied to the CLM internship because it provided an opportunity to contribute to conservation efforts, my experience has already strengthened my desire to pursue conservation beyond this internship and into the future.  I’m looking forward to the rest of the field season!

 

My one year anniversary with Spuds (Boise)

Wow! It’s been almost a whole year since my arrival to Boise, Idaho – the land of the potatoes for the CLM Seeds of Success Internship and I’ve grown physically, emotionally and spiritually. By the end of my first week in Idaho (June 2010), I had already sunk into a great routine – Field work from Monday to Friday, Zumba dance class with Jody every Saturday morning, followed by snacking at the Farmer’s Market and hikes and bike rides on Sundays. It’s been almost a year now (it will be a year on June 15, 2011) and my routine remains the same and I couldn’t be happier.

 

My work at the BLM has both complemented my academic background and been a personally enriching experience as well. I am most grateful for my time at the BLM as it has afforded me the opportunity to become truly immersed in conservation and restoration projects, something I plan continuing for the rest of my life. My duties have been far ranging from collecting seeds for restoration and conservation practices, to monitoring federally endangered plant species, to writing observational reports based on field sites and databasing lichens for the world famous state botanist and one of my mentors, Roger Rosentreter.

It is the latter opportunity that I would like to discuss further for the purpose of this blog.On Sunday, April 17, 2011, the four of us (Roger, Pam, Jody and myself) left Spud land to go to Moab, Utah – the land of the Arches. After engaging in conversation about lichens, biological soil crusts, and plants we finally arrived at our destination – Moab, Utah the next day. We were all there to attend a Biological Soil Crusts class taught by my mentor, Roger Rosentreter and Jayne Belnap.

Within minutes of arriving into Moab, Utah, we ran into another BLM team from Vale, Oregon with whom we had collected Philadelphus lewisii seeds last summer while kayaking. Instantly, our group of four became a group of eight and we spent the next few days getting to know each other in class and outside. The Biological Soil Crusts (BSCs) class was phenomenal – we learned how to identify different crusts, techniques employed for monitoring and sampling lichens/mosses and policies that the BLM should implement for land reclamation. The mornings were spent inside learning while the afternoons were spent outdoors applying our knowledge. It was a wonderful class and I urge everyone (even those not interested in lichens and mosses) as it will open your eyes to a great world.

Of course, the class was great, but it was the location that made this opportunity even more memorable- Moab, Utah. Just take a second and google the word Moab, and the first few pictures that pop up would be of Arches and Canyonlands National Park. After lichen- izing, our group of eight met up in the afternoons/evenings to explore what Moab had to offer. The first stop was Arches National Park. There are simply no words to describe this amazing park and so to make sure it deserves the respect it ought to, I have included pictures so that you can come up with your own words to describe the land.

Our second stop was Canyonlands National Park the following day and in my opinion, it beats the view of the GRAND CANYON! Yes I said it and it’s true. The view unparallels anything I have ever seen – with beautiful canyons on one side, and intricate mazes and needles on the other.

 

It was definitely a once in a lifetime opportunity to go to Moab, Utah for myself (at least) as I’m an East coaster and never venture out West. However, having had the chance to do so, I know that I will be coming back to this beautiful piece of land every few years. I want to extend a big thank you to my mentors, Roger Rosenter and Susan Filkins, who have been nothing but wonderful. They have welcomed me not only into the professional working environment at the BLM but also into their homes and hearts. They have been a second family and have made this experience a memorable one.

Pierson’s Spring Beauty

The Claytonia lanceolata vars. peirsonii was thought only to be found in the San Gabriel Mountains of California. Until Earth Day 2011 when it was discovered in the Mountaintop District of the San Bernardino National Forest.

I was able to join Thomas Stoughton and District Botanist Scott Eliason when the species was discovered and collected for record. This lovely little flower is an early bloomer. This is likely why it wasn’t found up until now. The flower fades well before peak field season.

I was later sent out to document the the populations along the ridgeline it was discovered. It turns out that there is a huge amount inhabiting a stretch of about 4 miles across the ridge!

Although I am a botany intern, I have been able to work with the restoration and wildlife biology crews for the forest service. I have participated in a riparian restoration project planting willows in an area annihilated by fires a few years ago. I have learned telemetry when assisting in spotted owl tracking with a wildlife biologist. These experiences have really helped me get the full picture of how the Forest Service manages and conserves forest resources.

Humility

hu·mil·i·ty /(h)yo͞oˈmilitē/
Noun: A modest or low view of one’s own importance; humbleness.
 

Gopherus agassizii- a little Buddha in a shell

That is what I experienced one day being out in the field waiting for a tortoise to pass out of the dirt road we were traveling on.  The Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) is a threatened and sensitive species in the Mojave Desert.  We did not want to harass the tortoise, for it is unlawful to do so.  And why bother a creature like that?  They are adorable and could teach us humans a lesson in patience and humility.

 

 

 

 


I am collecting seeds for tortoise forage plants, and they eat some interesting vegetation.  Would you like some desert trumpet (Eriogonium inflatum)?  Or how about some small wirelettuce (Stephanomeria exigua)?  Follow that with some tasty desert dandelion (Malacothrix glabrata) and voila! Tortoise dinner.

There are plants out here I am very fond of.  One popular one is the Joshua Tree (Yucca brevifolia) and who would not like this plant?  Dr Seuss could have thought up this plant in one of his books.  Edward Abby had thoughts on yuccas too: 

Yucca brevifolia

 

 

 

 

 


“Stepping carefully around the straggling prickly pear I come after a few paces over bare sandstone to a plant whose defensive weaponry makes the cactus seem relatively benign.  This one is formed of a cluster of bayonetlike leaves pointing up and outward, each stiff green blade tipped with a point as intense and penetrating as a needle.  Out of the core of this untouchable dagger’s-nest rises a slender stalk, waist-high, gracefully curved, which supports a heavy cluster of bell-shaped, cream-colored, wax coated, exquisitely perfumed flowers.  This plant, not a cactus but a member of the lily family, is a type of yucca called Spanish bayonet.
Despite its fierce defenses, or perhaps because of them, the yucca is as beautiful as it is strange, perfect in its place wherever that place may be…” pg 25 Desert Solitaire

 

Langloisia setosissima ssp. setosissima- best dinkaphyte ever

I also like a few plants a friend termed as “dinkaphytes.”  These teeny tiny plants require you to get down on your hands and knees to see them.  My absolute favorite dinkaphyte is the liloc sunbonnet or Great Basin langloisia (Langloisia setosissima ssp. setosissima).  This plant is the perfect combination of beauty and ferocity.  I mean, look at those spines!  It is lovely and rare- the perfect desert annual, and it fits in the palm of my hand.

 

 

 

 


June in the Desert.  The sun roars down from its track in space with a savage and holy light, a fantastic music in the mind…  Springtime on the mountains.  Summer down here.”  p 82-3 Desert Solitaire

Apparently this spring has been kind to me with temperatures only breaking 100 F a few times in the past weeks.  I have been spoiled with this cool spring, according to my co-workers at the BLM.  They tell me not to worry, the heat will arrive soon.  Yikes- I hope I am ready for it, I feel groggy at 80 F, let alone above 100 F.  Was the desert a good choice in the summer?  Only time will tell.
-Laney

Kooky Soil

 

This past month I have had the opportunity to explore one of the strangest natural places I’ve ever seen just 100 miles away from my hometown.  The Clear Creek Management Area is a large (30,000 acre) section of public land located at the southern end of California’s Diablo Mountains that hosts many diverse natural resources. What makes this area so interesting to me is its “kooky” serpentine soil.

As many of you know serpentine is an ultramafic rock type that weathers to produce soils that are characterized by low calcium-to-magnesium ratios and high levels of heavy metals. In addition to difficult soil chemistry serpentine outcrops are often steep and rocky. These harsh soil conditions make it difficult for many plant species to survive and foster uniquely adapted and rare endemics.

Serpentinite outcrop within Clear Creek Management Area.

The Clear Creek Area is host to the largest stretch (at least 8,000 acres) of natural serpentine barrens in North America. Here, tectonic milling has produced expansive stretches of sheered and pulverized serpentine rock fragments with next to no plant cover making it very popular with OHV riders. Several rare serpentine endemic plant species grow at CCMA including listed Threatened Camissonia benitensis (San Benito evening primrose), Layia discoidea, Monardella antonina ssp. benitensis, Fritillaria viridea, Fritillaria falcata, Solidago guiradonis, and Trichostema rubisepalum.

Barren serpentine slopes in the Clear Creek area.

San Benito evening primrose (listed Threatened).

250 year old Pinus coulteri (upper left) dwarfed by stressful soil environment.

I’m beginning to recognize just how closely plant diversity is linked to geology. With the help my mentor, Ryan O’Dell I hope to learn more about serpentine ecology, edaphic endemism, plant evolution and adaptation, and revegetation of harsh sites.

Desert Chronicles part 1

Horned Lizards are easy to catch

Just 2.5 months ago I journeyed from Vermont blizzards to begin work at the USGS in Henderson, NV. Most of our field time has been spent in and around Barstow, CA conducting vegetation surveys in the Mojave desert in order to assess desert tortoise habitat. During long field days my mind sometimes wanders and I find myself thinking about the incredible adaptations needed for the plants and animals to survive this windy, hot, generally inhospitable environment. Somehow though the plants that are able to survive here are some of the more interesting and beautiful that I’ve ever seen. I only wish that we were more adapted to life in the desert. If only, like tortoises, we could go without water for up to two years! Instead were foolishly out and about during the hottest part of the day (curse conventional work hours!), slathered in sunscreen, dripping with sweat, blasted by wind. There are also so many plants with spines, stickers, and sharp edges that immediately burrow deep into your socks the very moment you step out of the vehicle, or find their way straight into your pocket. Yet there are daily consolations. Like stumbling upon an abandoned stone house with a beautifully made fireplace (complete with owls nest in the chimmney), or discovering a new species in your plot, or picking up another extremely cool rock for the mantle at home (which is already overflowing with treasures). There are the days when you catch not one but two Horned Lizards (which are actually quite easy to get), or climb to the top of a mountain just because you can.

Cheers,

Nora

Last of the annuals bloom near "Hamburger Point", one of the better camping spots in the area

My first week in Montana!

May 26, 2011

This was my first week of work at the BLM field office in Missoula, Montana! I could not have asked to be in a better place. My boyfriend and I finally arrived in Montana last week after the 34 hour drive from Ohio. We had the chance to see some beautiful parts of the country as we drove across the U.S. When we reached Montana I was blown away by the grandeur of the mountains, and the beauty of the land. I knew immediately that this was the perfect fit for me.
During my first week of work I had the opportunity to learn some new field techniques, identify some sensitive and culturally important plants, and go on a raptor survey! All that in one week, I cannot imagine what I will learn in the next five months.
My first assignment was to go to an area called Rattlesnake Gulch, to find Keeled Bladderpod (Physaria carinata) a sensitive plant that only occurs in Montana. It is primarily found in Granite and Beaverhead Counties, on south facing slopes that are made up of calcareous limestone. As we hiked up the very steep slopes, Layla my co-worker spotted the Bladderpod. It is such a small plant that you could very easily overlook it, thankfully it is in bloom and is much easier to identify. We continued climbing up the slopes marking the lowest and highest points where we found the Bladderpod on our handheld GPS. As we climbed up to the top of the slope at 5700 feet we noticed that the Bladderpod no longer occurred and the soil had changed. We made note of this and started to make our way back down the mountain. About halfway down, Layla paused to take a picture Basalmroot in bloom that covered the hillside. As she was taking the picture we heard a strange noise coming from where she was standing. She looked down and to her surprise saw a rattlesnake near her feet. She notified me and we quickly and cautiously made our way back down to our vehicle. Now we know why that it is called Rattlesnake Gulch. When we returned to the field office we asked if it was common to see rattlesnakes in that area. To my surprise many of my co-workers have not seen a rattlesnake around here in years. It was a reminder for Layla and I to be alert and aware of our surroundings while working in the field.

Keeled Bladderpod

Throughout the week I had the opportunity to learn some new field techniques and had the chance to identify some native plants of Montana. My mentor John took us out to an area near the Blackfoot River to find Bitterroot, Montana’s state flower. We found a few small patches that were not in bloom in a grassland near the river. Along our walk John pointed out many native species found in this area; Idaho Fescue, Rough Fescue, Lupine, Larkspur, Shooting Star and Camas. Camas is a culturally important plant that has been used for thousands of years, as a food source by the indigenous people of the Northwest.
As part of our training John showed us how to operate the Trimble GPS that we will be using to map sensitive plants and monitor invasive species. This is such a great tool to have out in the field and will help us give more accurate information while we are collecting our data. To end the week we had the opportunity to go on a raptor survey with the wildlife biologist. We counted all raptors that we saw in a 55 mile stretch. We saw kestrels, red-tailed hawks, ospreys and bald eagles! This has been an amazing first week and I am looking forward to learning as much as I can from my mentor and co-workers at the BLM!

CLM Intern, Lea Tuttle Missoula Field Office

Westward Bound

I set off on my journey, my car bulging at the seams with all of my stuff for the next five months, on my trip across the country. Beginning in my hometown of Richmond, Virginia, I had many adventures along the way. I got to see the St. Louis Arch, stopped for dinner in Manhattan, Kansas (the “little apple”), and had my first ever live sighting of tumbleweed! I also got a chance to visit Rocky Mountain National Park for a day before the three-day Seeds of Success training workshop in Denver, Colorado. I had never been to that park, and it was beautiful! I saw big horn sheep and even got dusted with a few snow flakes! That’s something Virginians don’t see too often in May…

The training was really great, and it was neat meeting other interns from many other states who will be doing similar work. After that, I went to finish getting settled at Miles City in southeastern Montana. A few weeks prior to my arrival I had found out that I would be moving in the same weekend as the huge Bucking Horse Sale, which would swell the small town to many times its normal size! I was able to enjoy a few hours at the street dance and the rodeo.

On Monday morning I jumped right into orientation and training at the BLM, and everyone has been so friendly and willing to help, even when I continue to get lost in the maze of cubicles. This week has entailed a lot of paperwork and procedure training, but we’ve also begun research for determining our target species list for seed collection in the district. It has been a great experience so far, and I can’t wait for it to stop raining so I can get out in the field!!

Brooke Stallings
Miles City, MT BLM

Big Horn Sheep in Rocky Mtn Natl Park

I love the SEA! :) Lawlz

OK. So I work in the Mojave Desert for the USGS. The project we are working on is an annual vegetation survey around the Ft. Irwin army base. The base is being expanded, and the endangered Desert Tortoises that live in the area have to be moved so they don’t get hit with 61,000 kg, $6,210,000 M1 Abrams Tanks. Some other things that the tortoises don’t like is drought and mountain lions. The areas in which the base will be expanded to are affectionately referred to as the Western Expansion Area, or the WEA, and the Southern Expansion Area, or the SEA. The WEA is interesting. The SEA is not. When entering the WEA, one needs to call the range control office on the base to report to them important information like where you will be, how may people you have with you, and when you leave. If you don’t call when you leave, they send a search party looking for you. This gives you the impression that they truly care about your health and safety, and it shows that they have respect for the work you are doing out there. On the other hand, when in the SEA, one must call range control every hour or anytime you want to move to ensure that they don’t send a live fire exercise in your direction, or possibly drop a bomb in one of your veg plots.

The SEA provides the Desert Tortoise with plenty of room to roam, so long as they don’t venture outside the barbed wire fence. Tortoises used to love walking alongside of this fence. They loved it so much that they would keep on walking and walking until they died because they cannot comprehend metal things that go on forever. Actually they cannot comprehend metal at all. This problem was solved when some scientists placed PVC pipe along some portions of the fence so the tortoises can rest in the shade while they try to escape. I can’t blame them (the tortoises, not the scientists. They did a good job averting this crisis.) for trying to leave. The SEA is not a fun place to be. Their is not much to eat other than Schismus barbatus (worst plant ever), and the jets that fly over your head leave a deafening sonic boom.

Don’t get me wrong. I love what I do. If you were to describe the worst part of your job, it may even sound as depressing as this.

Cheers,

SVS

Hits & Misses of Perceived Desire: The Misses

View from South Fork American River Trail in Pine Hill Preserve

Our eyes can deceive us. We may see something and develop a desire for it, but until we actually experience it, we cannot know if our desire is for what it is what we’ve actually seen OR if our desire is for what we have perceived that something to be based on our knowledge and past experiences. For instance, a man may see a recliner in a furniture store and think it’s going to be the most comfortable chair to set in front of the tv at home, but until he sits in it and experiences the level of comfortability it provides, he doesn’t know if he really desires this particular chair. Or perhaps a woman sees a dessert and desires to eat it; unless she actually tastes the dessert, she cannot know if she desires exactly what she sees or if she desires what she perceives the taste of the dessert to be.

It can be the same with a career. I grew up thinking I had wanted to be a teacher. After a few years of teaching high school biology, I learned that I love to teach but that my childhood desire of being a teacher by profession was based on an incomplete, experience-lacking perception.

Through my CLM internship with the BLM, not only have I been learning both the hits and misses of my pre-experience perception of working in land management, but I am also learning how to adjust to the misses and capitalize on the hits.

Pulling YST (yellow star thistle) at Pine Hill Preserve

Generally my misses revolve around the nature of how I function, so to speak. For instance, I am a list person. I make lists of what I need to do and feel productive and successful if I can cross items off the list. Although land managers can regularly accomplish objectives, land management goals and projects are often long-term (multi-year). I am learning that I can leave a field at 4:30 even if I didn’t pull every yellow star thistle plant and that I can even cross “pull yellow star thistle” off my list, because there will always be more of it (or another invasive) to remove. And there will always be something new to add to the list tomorrow, next week, next month, next year (especially with adaptive land management!).

I also tend to work, hmmm, systematically? Or perhaps I should say I perform tasks in an “orderly” way, in an order that makes sense to me and motivates me to keep moving through my to-do list. For example, item #1 on the list should be crossed off before I begin #2. I can multi-task, but I am definitely wired to focus on one project at a time and fully immerse myself into it. My ability to focus, however, can negatively affect my time management skills. These characteristics do not usually jive with the nature of land management which frequently involves having multiple irons in the fire (several projects in the works) at a time. I am learning how to effectively prioritize and juggle land management tasks and projects and re-learning the importance of setting a deadline when no particular deadline has been set in order to keep me on task and not too focused on just one project.

Splashes of purplish-pink in the chaparral--Cercis occidentalis (western redbud) during spring

Being a planner may be the most challenging characteristic that requires some adjusting for me. I like to plan out my days and weeks, I like to know what I’m doing when I show up to work for the day; knowing what is ahead helps me manage time and accomplish tasks more efficiently. (And I can be sure to put on the appropriate attire for the field or for the office.) However, managing land is about working within the natural system, and natural systems are variable in their cycles and how they respond to environmental conditions. A land manager often can aim to complete a project by a particular date, but the “deadlines” sometimes serve more as “guidelines” due to factors that are beyond the control of a land manager. (With all the interconnectedness of their individual parts, ecosystems don’t always function as systematically or predictably as we would like them to.) Moreover, the role of a federal land manager extends beyond managing land; it’s about working with people—educating the public about the resources of the land, organizing and facilitating outreach events, coordinating with partners to accomplish large management goals, communicating progress with funders as well as the state and national offices, maintaining the land according to the allowable uses (i.e. hiking, biking, grazing, hunting) and dealing with the unfortunate abuses (i.e. trash dumpings, trespasses). I am learning to be patient and flexible, to go with the flow, to keep a list of alternative tasks to do if “the plan” falls through, to respond to the changing circumstances—the weather (rain?!), species biology (it’s not fruiting yet?), and/or concerns involving members of the public (fuel breaks between homes and BLM land is a critical priority; trespass issues are also important to deal with in a timely manner).

Calystegia stebbinsii (Stebbin's morning-glory), a federally listed plant, intertwined with Adenostoma fasciculatum (chamise)

The upside of the unpredictability associated with planning is that there is always a plethora of management activities that can be done—from writing reports to picking up trash, from coordinating volunteers to monitoring populations, from creating a brochure to leading a hike for members of the public—there will always be something else to do if the plans fall through. For a planner like me, the downsides have included not wearing the appropriate attire, leaving my lunch and/or extra water at the office not realizing that I would not be returning to the office until mid- to late afternoon, and finishing work later than expected and having to shift evening plans.

I know it’s sounding like my desire to pursue a career in conservation and land management was way off, based solely on misperceptions or ignorance…perhaps I had desired what I formerly perceived and lacked the experience to verify my perception. Hold on, not so fast. There are definitely some hits, too. But I’ll save them for another day…stay tuned!